Ugushyingo 19 Buri mwaka ni IsiUmusaraniUmunsi. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wo mu musarani utanga ibikorwa kuri uyu munsi kugira ngo abantu bazi ko ku isi haracyari miliyari 2.05 ku rwego rwo kurengera isuku. Ariko kuri twe dushobora kwishimira ibikoresho byo mu musarani cya kijyambere, twigeze twumva neza inkomoko yubusarani?
Ntabwo bizwi uwahimbye umusarani ubanza. Abanyamerika ba mbere n'Abagereki bavuze ko ari bo ari bo bavuna amato, ariko nta kimenyetso. Nko mu gihe cya 3000 BC mu gihe cya Neolithic, hari umugabo witwa Skara Brae muri Mainland Scotland. Yubatse inzu amabuye akingura umuyoboro wageraga mu mfuruka y'inzu. Abahanga mu by'amateka bemeza ko iki gishushanyo cyari ikimenyetso cy'abantu ba mbere. Intangiriro yo gukemura ikibazo cyumusarani. Ahagana mu 1700 mbere ya Yesu, mu ngoro ya Knossos muri Kirete, imikorere n'ibishushanyo by'umusarani byarasobanutse neza. Imiyoboro y'ibumba yahujwe na sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Amazi yakwirakwijwe binyuze mumiyoboro yibumba, ishobora guhumeka umusarani. Uruhare rw'amazi.
Mu 1880, igikomangoma Edward w'Ubwongereza (Umwami Edward VII) yahawe akazi umurinzi, umuhanga uzwi cyane mu ngoro nyinshi z'umwami. Nubwo umugabane wavuzwe ko wahimbye ibintu byinshi bijyanye nubwiherero, umukara ntabwo ari uguhimbye umusarani ugezweho nkuko buri wese abitekereza. Niwe wambere watumye igihangano cye kizwi numusaruro kizwi kubaturage muburyo bwimiro imurika, kugirango abaturage basanire umurwayi cyangwa bakeneye ibikoresho bimwe, bahita bamutekereza.
Igihe ubwiherero bwikoranabuhanga bwatangiye rwose mu kinyejana cya 20: Hindura indangagaciro, tanks y'amazi, n'udupapuro two mu musarani, bahimbwe mu 1890 kandi bikoreshwa cyane kugeza mu 1902). Ibi bintu n'ibiremwa birashobora gusa na bito, ariko ubu bisa nkaho byabaye ibintu byingenzi. Niba ugitekereza koumusarani ugezwehoNtimwahindutse cyane, reka turebe: Mu 1994, Inteko ishinga amategeko y'Ubwongereza yateje igikorwa cya politiki y'ingufu, gisaba bisanzweflush umusaraniKureka gusa litiro 1.6 icyarimwe, kimwe cya kabiri cyibyakoreshejwe mbere. Politiki yarwanywaga n'abantu kubera ko ubwiherero bwinshi bwarafunzwe, ariko ibigo byisuku bidatinze bihimbanya mu musarani mwiza. Sisitemu nizo ukoresha buri munsi, zizwi kandi nkiki giheumusaranisisitemu.
