Ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkutazizwi kandi nk'ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta cyangwa ubwiherero bwa cantilever. Igice kinini cy'ubwiherero gihagaze kandi gishyirwa ku rukuta, kandi ikigega cy'amazi kiba cyihishe mu rukuta. Mu buryo bugaragara, ni gito kandi kigezweho, gikurura imitima y'abatunze n'abashushanya benshi. Ese ni ngombwa gukoresha urukutaubwiherero bushyizwemoNi gute twayishushanya? Reka twige ku ngingo zikurikira.
01. Ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta ni iki?
02. Ibyiza n'ibibi by'ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta
03. Uburyo bwo gushyiraho ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta
04. Uburyo bwo guhitamo ubwiherero bushyirwa ku rukuta
kimwe
Ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta ni iki?
Ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta ni ubwoko bushya buca integeubwiherero gakondoImiterere yayo isa n'iy'ubwiherero bugabanyijemo kabiri, aho ikigega cy'amazi n'igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwiherero bitandukanyijwe kandi bigahuzwa binyuze mu miyoboro. Kimwe mu bintu byiza cyane by'ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta ni uko buhisha ikigega cy'amazi mu rukuta, bukoroshya igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwiherero, kandi bukagishyira ku rukuta, bigatuma kiba ikigega kidakoresha amazi, umuyoboro w'amazi mabi, kandi nta hasi.
Ubwiherero bushyirwa ku nkuta bukoreshwa cyane mu bishushanyo mbonera by’amahanga, kandi ba nyir'amazu benshi mu Bushinwa ubu babuhitamo mu mitako yabo bitewe n’ubwiza bwabo bworoshye kandi bworoshye kwitabwaho. Ubundi buryo, igishushanyo mbonera cy’imyobo y’ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe ntabwo gikwiye kandi gisaba kwimura ubwiherero. Ubwiherero bushyirwa ku nkuta bushobora gukemura iki kibazo neza. Ubu bwiherero bwiza kandi bukomeye bwakuruye abantu benshi, ariko imikoreshereze yabwo n’uburyo bushyirwamo nabyo bifite ingorane. Reka dukomeze kumenya byinshi.
bibiri
Ibyiza n'ibibi by'ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta
a. Ibyiza
① Imiterere myiza
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubwiherero gishyizwe ku rukuta cyoroshye cyane, aho igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwiherero n'akabuto ko ku rukuta bigaragara gusa muri icyo kibanza. Mu buryo bugaragara, biroroshye cyane kandi bishobora guhuzwa n'uburyo butandukanye, bigatuma biba byiza cyane.
② Byoroshye gucunga
Ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta ntibugwa hasi, ikigega cy'amazi ntikigaragara, kandi nta mfuruka zisukuye zihari. Ahantu hepfo y'ubwiherero hashobora kozwa byoroshye hakoreshejwe isuku, bigatuma byoroha cyane kuyicunga. Iyi ni nayo mpamvu ikomeye ituma ba nyir'amazu benshi bayihitamo.
③ Urusaku ruto
Ikigega cy'amazi n'imiyoboro y'ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta bihishe mu rukuta, bityo urusaku rw'amazi n'amazi asohoka ruragabanuka, ibyo bikaba biri hasi cyane ugereranyije n'ubwiherero busanzwe.
④ Ishobora kwimurwa (2-4m)
Ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta busaba ko habaho umuyoboro mushya wo kubaka imbere mu rukuta ugahuzwa n'umuyoboro w'amazi mabi. Intera yo kwagura umuyoboro ishobora kugera kuri metero 2-4, ibi bikaba bikwiriye cyane ku miterere y'ubwiherero bumwe na bumwe bugomba guhindurwa. Mu gihe cyo kwimura, hagomba kwitabwaho intera n'imiterere y'umuyoboro, bitabaye ibyo bizagabanyaubwihereroubushobozi bwo gusohora imyanda y'amazi mabi kandi bigatuma amazi afungana byoroshye.
b. Ingaruka mbi
① Gushyiraho ibintu bigoye
Gushyiramo ubwiherero busanzwe biroroshye cyane, hitamo gusa aho umwobo ukwiye ushyireho kole; Gushyiramo ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta biragoye cyane, bisaba gushyiraho ibigega by'amazi mbere y'uko bishyirwaho, imiyoboro y'amazi mabi, uduce duto dufatana, nibindi, bigatuma uburyo bwo kubishyiramo bugorana cyane.
② Kutabungabunga ibintu mu buryo butari bwo
Bitewe nuko ikigega cy'amazi n'imiyoboro yacyo biba bihishe, kubungabunga bishobora kugorana iyo habayeho ibibazo. Ku bibazo bito, bishobora kugenzurwa binyuze mu gice cyo kubungabunga kiri ku gikoresho cyo gusuka amazi, kandi ibibazo ku miyoboro bigomba gukemurwa no gucukura inkuta.
③ Ibiciro biri hejuru
Itandukaniro ry'ibiciro rirasobanutse neza. Igiciro cy'ubwiherero bushyizwe ku nkuta gihenze cyane ugereranyije n'ubwiherero busanzwe, kandi hamwe n'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe n'ikiguzi cyo kubushyiraho, itandukaniro ry'ibiciro hagati yabwo riracyari rinini cyane.
④ Kutagira umutekano
Hari kandi akantu gato gashoboka. Abakoresha benshi bavuze ko iyo bakoresheje ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta ku nshuro ya mbere, bashobora kumva ko igikoresho gihagaze kitari cyiza. Ariko, buri wese ashobora kwizera ko ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta bushobora kwihanganira ibiro bigera kuri 200, kandi abantu benshi nta kibazo bazagira mu gihe cyo kubukoresha bisanzwe.
gatatu
Uburyo bwo gushyiraho ubwiherero bushyirwa ku rukuta
a. Gushyira inkuta zitwara imizigo
Gushyiramo inkuta zitwara imizigo bisaba urukuta rushya kugira ngo ruhishe ikigega cy'amazi. Rushobora gushyirwaho hubakwa urukuta rushya rw'igice hafi y'urukuta cyangwa urukuta rurerure runyuze hejuru y'igisenge. Muri rusange, kubaka urukuta rw'igice birahagije kugira ngo bikoreshwe, kandi hashobora no kuba hari umwanya wo kubika hejuru yarwo. Ubu buryo ntibuzigama umwanya munini mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, kuko inkuta zongewe ku kigega cy'amazi n'aho ikigega cy'amazi cy'ubwiherero busanzwe giherereye bifata umwanya runaka.
b. Gushyira inkuta zidatwara imizigo
Inkuta zidatwara imizigo zishobora kugira imyobo mu rukuta kugira ngo zihishe ikigega cy'amazi. Nyuma yo gufunga, shyiramo udukingirizo, ibigega by'amazi, nibindi hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe, bikuraho ko hakenewe kubaka urukuta. Ubu buryo ni nabwo buryo bwo gushyiramo amazi menshi.
c. Gushyiraho urukuta rushya
Ubwiherero ntibuba ku rukuta urwo arirwo rwose, kandi iyo hakenewe urukuta rushya rwo guhisha ikigega cy'amazi, hagomba gukurikizwa intambwe zisanzwe zo gushyiraho. Hagomba kubakwa urukuta rugufi cyangwa rurerure kugira ngo ruhishe ikigega cy'amazi, kandi ubwiherero bugomba kumanikwa. Muri iki gihe, urukuta rudahinduka rw'ubwiherero rushobora no gukoreshwa nk'igice cyo kugabanyamo umwanya.
d. Uburyo bwo gushyiraho
① Menya uburebure bw'ikigega cy'amazi
Emeza aho ikigega cy'amazi gishyirwa hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu gushyiraho n'uburebure busabwa. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, niba ubutaka butarashyirwamo kaburimbo, uburebure bw'ubutaka bugomba kubarwa.
② Shyiramo agasanduku k'ikigega cy'amazi
Nyuma yo kwemeza aho ikigega cy'amazi giherereye, shyiramo agace k'ikigega cy'amazi. Gushyiraho agace bigomba kwemeza ko gahagaze neza kandi gahagaze.
③ Shyiramo ikigega cy'amazi n'umuyoboro w'amazi
Nyuma yo gushyiraho agakingirizo, shyiramo ikigega cy'amazi n'umuyoboro w'amazi, hanyuma ubishyiremo valve y'inguni. Ni byiza kugura ibikoresho byiza byo gukoresha valve y'inguni kugira ngo wirinde gusimburwa mu gihe kizaza.
④ Gushyiramo imiyoboro y'amazi
Hanyuma, shyiramo umuyoboro w'amazi, huza aho icyobo cyari kiri mbere n'aho cyari cyarashyizwe, hanyuma uhindure inguni yo gushyiraho.
⑤ Kubaka inkuta no kuzishariza (iyi ntambwe ntabwo ikenewe mu gushyiraho inkuta zidatwara imizigo zifite aho zibohokera)
Umugozi woroheje w'icyuma ushobora gukoreshwa mu kubaka inkuta z'amabuye, cyangwa amatafari yoroheje ashobora gukoreshwa mu kubaka inkuta. Inkuta ndende cyangwa ebyiri zishobora gutegurwa hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye. Nyuma yo kubaka, gushariza bishobora gukorwa, kandi amatafari cyangwa amatafari ya ceramic ashobora gushyirwaho.
⑥ Gushyiramo ubwiherero
Intambwe ya nyuma ni ugushyira igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwiherero buhagaze. Shyiramo ubwiherero ku rukuta rushushanyijeho kandi ubwuzuze imigozi. Witondere urwego rw'ubwiherero mu gihe cyo gushyiraho.
bine
Uburyo bwo guhitamo ubwiherero bushyirwa ku rukuta
a. Hitamo ibirango byemewe
Mu gihe uhitamo ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta, gerageza kugura ikirango kizwi cyane gifite serivisi nziza kandi nyuma yo kugurisha.
b. Itondere ibikoresho by'ikigega cy'amazi
Mu gihe uguze ikigega cy'amazi cy'ubwiherero gishyizwe ku rukuta, ni ngombwa kwita ku niba gikozwe muri resin nziza kandi gikozwe mu buryo bworoshye. Kubera ko ari umushinga wihishe imbere mu rukuta, ibikoresho byiza n'ubukorikori ni ingenzi cyane.
c. Witondere uburebure bw'aho ushyira
Mbere yo gushyiraho ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta, bugomba gushyirwaho hakurikijwe uburebure bwaubwihereroumubiri n'uburebure bw'umukoresha wifuza. Niba uburebure budakwiye, ubunararibonye bw'ubwiherero nabwo buzagira ingaruka.
d. Witondere intera iyo ugiye kwimuka
Iyo ubwiherero bushyizwe ku rukuta bugomba kwimurwa mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, hagomba kwitabwaho intera n'icyerekezo cy'umuyoboro. Iyo umuyoboro udafashwe neza mu gihe cyo kwimura, amahirwe yo kuziba mu cyiciro cya nyuma azaba menshi cyane.
