Iyo dushushanya inzu yacu, duhora duhanganye nubwoko bwubwiherero (umusarani) kugura, kuko ubwiherero butandukanye bufite imiterere nibyiza.Mugihe duhitamo, dukeneye gusuzuma neza ubwoko bwumusarani.Nizera ko abakoresha benshi batazi ubwoko bwubwiherero buhari, none ni ubuhe bwoko bwubwiherero?Ni ibihe bintu biranga ibyiza bya buri bwoko?Ntugire impungenge, Umuyoboro wo Gusana Urugo ruzabisobanura neza kuri buri wese.Reka turebere hamwe.
Intangiriro yubwoko bwumusarani
1. Ubwiherero bushobora kugabanwa muburyo bwahujwe kandi butandukanye ukurikije ubwoko bwubwiherero.Ubu buryo bwo gutondekanya nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mubwiherero.Umusarani uhuriweho uhuza ikigega cyamazi nintebe, byoroshye gushiraho kandi bishimishije muburyo bwiza;Ubwiherero bwacitsemo ibice bwakozwe hamwe n'ikigega cy'amazi n'intebe bitandukanye, bituma gushiraho no kubungabunga byoroshye kandi gakondo.
2. Umurongo winyuma nu murongo wo hasi: Ukurikije uburyo bwo gusohora imyanda yubwiherero, ubwiherero bushobora kugabanywamo umurongo winyuma nu murongo wo hasi.Ubwiherero bwinyuma buzwi kandi nkurukuta cyangwa imiterere itambitse.Ubwinshi muri ubwo bwiherero bwashyizwe kurukuta.Niba imyanda isohoka imyanda iri imbere murukuta, umusarani winyuma urakwiriye;Umusarani wo hasi, uzwi kandi ku butaka cyangwa umusarani uhagaze, ufite imyanda isohoka hasi.
3. Ubwoko bwa flux nubwoko bwa siphon bigabanijwe mubwoko bwa flux nubwoko bwa siphon ukurikije umuzenguruko wamazi wubwiherero.Fata umusaranini umusarani gakondo.Kugeza ubu, ubwiherero bwinshi bwo hagati kugeza hasi mu Bushinwa bukoresha imbaraga z’amazi mu gusohora umwanda;Umusarani wa siphon ukoresha ingaruka za siphon zakozwe no koza amazi mumiyoboro y'amazi kugirango isohore umwanda.Byombi biratuje kandi biratuje gukoresha.
4. Igorofa yashizwemo nurukuta: Ukurikije uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho ubwiherero, burashobora kugabanywamo igorofa igashyirwaho urukuta.Ubwiherero bwubwoko bwa etage ni ubwiherero busanzwe, bushyirwa mubutaka mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho;Ubwiherero bwubatswe ku rukuta bwashizweho nuburyo bwo gushiraho urukuta.Kubera ko ikigega cyamazi cyihishe kurukuta, ubwiherero bwashyizwe kurukuta nabwo bwitwaubwiherero bwubatswe.
Ingingo z'ingenzi zo guhitamo ubwiherero butandukanye nizi zikurikira:
1. Ubwiherero buhujwe nubwiherero bwacitsemo ibice.
Guhitamo umusarani wacitsemo ibice cyangwa umusarani uhujwe ahanini biterwa nubunini bwumusarani.Gutandukanya imisarani ikwiranye nubwiherero bufite umwanya munini;Umusarani uhujwe urashobora gukoreshwa utitaye ku bunini bwumwanya, ufite isura nziza, ariko igiciro gihenze.
2. Ikintu cya mbere cyo kumenya ubwoko bwumurongo winyuma nu munsi ni ukugura imiyoboro y'urukuta cyangwa imiyoboro yo hasi.Iyo uguze umusarani winyuma, uburebure buri hagati yikigo hagati-hagati nubutaka muri rusange ni 180mm, kandi intera iri hagati yikigo hagati-hagati na rukuta, ni ukuvuga urwobo, muri rusange ni 305mm na 400mm.
3.Iyo uhisemo ubwoko bwubwiherero bwogeza cyangwa sifoni, icyambere kigomba kuba uburyo bwo gusohora imyanda.Ubwoko bwo koza bukwiranye nubwiherero bwimyanda yinyuma, hamwe n urusaku rwinshi;Ubwoko bwa siphon burakwiriye cyane ku nkari, hamwe n'urusaku ruke no gukoresha amazi menshi.
4. Kugura hasi nurukuta rwubatswe
Mugihe ukoresheje ubwiherero bwubatswe hasi, hagomba kwitonderwa uburyo bwo gusohora imyanda nuburyo bwo kuhira.Birasabwa guhitamo ubwiherero bwuburyo bwurukuta mumwanya muto wubwiherero bwumuryango, ufite isura nziza, isuku yoroshye, kandi ntahantu hafite isuku.Nyamara, ubuziranenge nubuhanga bukenerwa mubwiherero bwubatswe hejuru ni hejuru, igiciro rero gihenze.Ntabwo byemewe kugura ikirango gisanzwe, kuko birashobora kuba ikibazo cyane niba hari amazi yatemba.
